Surgeon’s Checklist #1
Intraoperative Gross Extrathyroid / Extranodal Disease
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Table 11. Risk Stratification System with Proposed Modifications (ATA 2009)
Risk Level
ATA Low Risk
- Papillary thyroid cancer (with all of the following):
- No local or distant metastases,
- All macroscopic tumor has been resected,
- No tumor invasion of loco-regional tissues or structures,
- The tumor does not have aggressive histology (e.g. tall cell, hobnail variant, columnar cell carcinoma),
- If I131 is given, there are no RAI-avid metastatic foci outside the thyroid bed on the first post-treatment whole-body RAI scan,
- No vascular invasion,
- Clinical N0 or ≤ 5 pathologic N1 micrometastases (< 0.2 cm in largest dimension).*
- Intrathyroidal, encapsulated follicular thyroid variant of papillary thyroid cancer.*
- Intrathyroidal, well-differentiated follicular thyroid cancer with capsular invasion and no or minimal (< 4 foci) vascular invasion.*
- Intrathyroidal, papillary microcarcinoma, unifocal or multifocal, including BRAFV600E mutated (if known).*
ATA Intermediate Risk
- Microscopic invasion of tumor into the perithyroidal soft tissues.
- RAI-avid metastatic foci in the neck on the first post-treatment whole-body RAI scan.
- Aggressive histology (e.g. tall cell, hobnail variant, columnar cell carcinoma).
- Papillary thyroid cancer with vascular invasion.
- Clinical N1 or > 5 pathologic N1 with all involved lymph nodes < 3 cm in largest dimension.*
- Multifocal papillary microcarcinoma with ETE and BRAFV600E mutated (if known).*
ATA High Risk
- Macroscopic invasion of tumor into the perithyroidal soft tissues (gross ETE).
- Incomplete tumor resection.
- Distant metastases.
- Postoperative serum thyroglobulin suggestive of distant metastases.
- Pathologic N1 with any metastatic lymph node ≥ 3 cm in largest dimension.*
- Follicular thyroid cancer with extensive vascular invasion (> 4 foci of vascular invasion).*
Table 5. AJCC Staging of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (Disease Specific Mortality)
Age at Diagnosis
Younger than 55 Years
T | N | M | Stage Group |
---|---|---|---|
Any T | Any N | M0 | I |
Any T | Any N | M1 | II |
55 Years or Older
T | N | M | Stage Group |
---|---|---|---|
T1 | N0 / NX | M0 | I |
T1 | N1 | M0 | II |
T2 | N0 / NX | M0 | I |
T2 | N1 | M0 | II |
T3a / T3b | Any N | M0 | II |
T4a | Any N | M0 | III |
T4b | Any N | M0 | IV A |
Any T | Any N | M1 | IV B |